Research in Community and Public Health Nursing

Original Article

Comparison of Working Conditions among Non-regular Visiting Nurses in Public Health Centers based on Their Employment Types: Hee Girl Kim, Ryoun Sook Lee, Soong Nang Jang, Kwang Byung Kim, Young Ran Chin; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2018;29(3):267-278. Published online September 30, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2018.29.3.267

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PURPOSE
This study is to investigate working conditions including job stress among visiting nurses in public health centers in Korea.
METHODS
An social network based mobile survey was conducted in May 2017 (N=936, response rate: 47.0%).
RESULTS
The visiting nurses in this study had their average total career as a nurse is 13.7 years. The 68.3% of them were employed in an indefinite term, 17.0% were hired in a fixed term, and 11.0% came from outsourcing. They responded as high job-stress level including inadequate compensation (71.22/100) and job demands (71.91/100). They experienced down-talk (63.4%), swearwords (32.9%), being made a dirty face (39.9%), sexual jokes (30.8%), or being likened or evaluated with their appearance sexually (14.3%). Among the causes of job related conflicts and discrimination, deprived salary level was the most frequent reason (83.4%). The conflicts and discrimination were incurred by government officers (52.4%). There were no significant differences in overall job stress, emotional labor, organizational commitment, violence, and discrimination experience based on their employment types.
CONCLUSION
The differences in working conditions among the non-regular nurses were trivial, and their overall working conditions were poor. It is necessary to improve non-regular nurses' working conditions in order to make up the limitations of the Korean healthcare system which is centered on hospitals.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Classifying Studies on Workplace Violence for Visiting Nurses Using the Social-Ecological Model: A Scoping Review
Eunjoo Kim, Juna Lee
Journal of Community Health Nursing.2024; 41(2): 96. CrossRef
Development of Service Experience Evaluation Tool for Visiting Nurses of Public Health Center in Korea
Jiwon Kim
Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2023; 48(2): 121. CrossRef
Contract Employment Experiences of Visiting Nurses at Public Health Centers in the Metropolitan Area: Focused on Employment Type and Treatment
Hee-Gerl Kim, Soong-Nang Jang, Young Ran Chin, Jungyi Hur, Ryoun-Sook Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2022; 33(2): 175. CrossRef
Nursing Students' Practice Experience on Community Visiting Nursing
Jae-Hyun Ha, Jeong-Hee Park
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2020; 31(1): 43. CrossRef
Emotional Labor, Job Stress and Professional Quality of Life of Public Health Nurses according to the Employment Type
Kyung Sook Cho, Yunmi Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2019; 25(5): 467. CrossRef

Review

Direction of the Community Health Nursing Practice Education Focusing on the Nursing Education Accreditation Criteria: Kyung Ja June, Young Ran Chin, Hee Girl Kim, Chun Mi Kim, Yeon Yi Song, Souk Young Kim, Han Ju Lee, Ihn Sook Jeong, Ki Soon Seo, Kyung Won Choi; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2016;27(2):183-192. Published online June 30, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2016.27.2.183

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Abstract PDF

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to seek the direction of community health nursing practice education focus on the nursing education accreditation criteria.
METHODS
We collected data through e-mail survey to all of 202 Korean nursing baccalaureate education institute in April, 2016. The 93 professors teaching community health nursing was responded about their affiliated institute (response rate 46.0%).
RESULTS
The Korean nursing graduates in Feb. 2016 was practiced 3.01 credits, 131.6 hours in community health nursing course. Community health nursing practice agency was public health center (98.9%), Public health center post (43.0%), Public health center branch (32.3%) in order. The possibility to achieve the course objectives up to national examination was recognised Public health center (3.4), Public health center post (3.3), Public health center branch and school (3.2) from 5 score likert scale. A lot of nursing education institute have difficulty in clinical placement in community health nursing practice agency that meet eligibility of preceptor and space gaining for only nursing students.
CONCLUSION
The nursing education accreditation criteria in 3rd cycle have to be considered real community health nursing practice situation and newly emerging community health nursing fields.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

A Preliminary Study for the Curriculum Development of Community Care Coordinators: Educational Needs Analysis
Han Nah Park, Ju Young Yoon, Soong-Nang Jang, Hye Jin Nam
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2022; 33(2): 153. CrossRef
Educational needs for the development of a simulation module of home visiting care for the frail elderly
Junhee Ahn, Youngran Yang
The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2021; 27(1): 68. CrossRef
A Study on Global Nursing Practice Education Experience
Eun Sil Cho, Myoung Hee Seo, Soo Ok You, Ok Hee Ahn, Myeoung Hi Song
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2021; 32(4): 485. CrossRef
Development and Effects of Head-Mounted Display-Based Home-Visits Virtual Reality Simulation Program for Nursing Students
Min Kweon Ahn, Chong Mi Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2021; 51(4): 465. CrossRef
Analysis of Current Status of the Community Health Nursing Practice Education
Yoo Hyang Cho, Eun Young Do, Kyung Sook Kang, Young Me Kim, Younkyoung Kim, Farrah Rou, Chong Mi Lee, In Hee Choi, Hee Chung Choi
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2017; 28(3): 347. CrossRef
A Comparative Study between American Public Health Nurse Core Competency and Community Health Nursing Practicum in a Province
Hanju Lee, Junghyun Choi, Sa Saeng Hyeon, Chun Mi Kim, Young Ran Chin
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2017; 28(3): 334. CrossRef

Original Articles

The Effect of Case Management Program for Diabetic Patients in Korean Community: Eun Young Shin, Cheol Hwan Kim, Won Sob Yoo, Hee Girl Kim, Chang Yub Kim; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2003;14(4):559-567. Published online December 31, 2003

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
We first launched the case management program for diabetic patients who were registered in NHIC (National Health Insurance Corporation) in Korea and conducted this study to assess the effectiveness of the program.
METHODS
During the period from October in 2002 to March in 2003, 30 case managers performed the program for 71 diabetic patients. We evaluated the effectiveness of the program based on the results of fasting blood sugar level, two hour post-prandial blood sugar level, knowledge for diabetes, difficulty index in diabetes management, and the health risk factor changes of them. We analyzed results related to these factors through chi2 test and paired t-test.
RESULTS
The average age of the subjects was 58.9, and the numbers of women and men were 43 and 28 respectively. The fasting blood sugar level and two hour post-prandial blood sugar level decreased from 164.3mg/dl to 146.5mg/dl and from 224.0mg/dl to 203.0mg/dl respectively. The knowledge for diabetes and difficulty index in diabetes management changed from 8.13 to 9.10 and from 3.52 to 2.91 respectively, and these changes were the positive. We observed improvement in self-test of sugar level, foot management, oral hygiene and proper medication but not in self-test of nutritional management.
CONCLUSIONS
This study revealed that the case management program for diabetic patients who were registered in NHIC is significantly effective. However, the program need to study further to understand its long-term effects.

Family Phenomena and Characteristics by Social-economic Charateristics of the Family: Young Im Kim, Hee Girl Kim, Hye Sun Jung, Jin Kyung Park; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2003;14(2):263-273. Published online June 30, 2003

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Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to identify the family phenomenon and characteristics by ICNP such as family shape, life standard, area, and development stage.
METHOD
1. Sample size was 115. 2. Data analysis method included frequency analysis including ratio.
RESULTS
1. On the distribution of the family phenomena by family shape, the nuclear family showed a higher ratio on the distribution in family communication and the unhealthy life style. The nuclear family was related to children andhad a higher ratio on the inadequate care management of the sick member. The extended family showed the highest ratio on the inadequate care management of sick member. 2. On the distribution of the family phenomena by family life standard, the family with medium life standard showed a higher ratio on the inappropriate family coping, whereas the family with lower life standard appeared to have a higher ratio on the inadequate care management of the sick member. 3. On the distribution of the family phenomena by area, the large city area showed the highest ratio on the inappropriate family coping, the medium and small city area appeared to have the highest ratio on the unhealthy life style. The county area showed the highest ratio on the inadequate care management of sick member. 4. On the distribution of the family phenomena by development stage, the family in rearing period showed a higher ratio on the inappropriate family coping and the lack of family intimacy. Families with preschool children showed a higher ratio on the unhealthy life style, and families with school age children showed the highest ratio on the inappropriate family coping. Families with adolescents appeared to have the highest ratio on the disturbance in family communication, and families with launching young adults showed the highest ratio on the inadequate care management of sick member. 5. On the distribution of the family characteristics by family shape, the nuclear family showed a higher ratio on the family characteristics such as less communication chances among family members and neglect of general child rearing, whereas the third generation family appeared to have a higher ratio on the characteristics such as overburden of housewife's role and short of caring among family members. 6. On the distribution of the family characteristics by family life standard, the family of medium life standard showed higher ratio on the family characteristics such as a few communication chance among family and overburden of housewife's role, and the family of lower life standard appeared to higher ratio on the family characteristics such as short of caring among family members. 7. On the distribution of the family characteristics by area, the large city area showed a higher ratio on the family characteristics such as overburden of housewife's role and neglect of general child rearing. The medium and small city area appeared to have a higher ratio on the family characteristics such as less communication chancec among family members. The county area showed a higher ratio on the family characteristics such as short-term care among family members. 8. On the distribution of the family characteristics by development stage, the family with rearing period showed a higher ratio on the family characteristics such as neglect of general child rearing. Families with preschool children showed a higher ratio on the family characteristics such as less communication chancec among family members. Families with school age children showed a higher ratio on the family characteristics such as overburden of housewife's role. Families with adolescents appeared to have a higher ratio on the family characteristics such as less communication chances among family members. Families with launching young adults showed a higher ratio on the family characteristics such as less communication chances and short-term care among family members.

Analysis of Phenomena and Characteristics of Family Nursing in Korea by INCP: Young Im Kim, Hee Girl Kim, Soon Nyung Yun, Hye Sun Jung, Jin Kyung Park; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2002;13(4):608-617. Published online December 31, 2002

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Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study was to analyze phenomena and characteristics of family nursing in Korea based on the study by Yun et al. (1999) by ICNP. The subjects of this study were 115 reports on family nursing care in Korea National Open University. The results of this study were as follows: 1. In the phenomenon of family nursing 'Inappropriate family coping' comprised of 17.0% and 'Inadequate care for a sick mumber' comprised of 16.8% 2. It was found that ' A few close neighbors was 62.5% 'Lack of communication between married couple' was 60.0% 'Neglet of general child rearing' was 40.9% 'Closed communication pattern of the head of a family' was 36.0% and 'Inadequate distribution of each family member's role' was 27.2% 3' Lack of family interaction in community' and 'Social isolation' were combined with 'Lack of family interaction in community' an 'Disturbance in family communication' and 'Lack of family intimacy' were combined with 'Disturbance in family communication' 4. 'Dual-loading with office work and housework' 'Overload of caring one's elders because of the status as a dual-income family ' and 'Lack of family support system' were added into 'Inappropriate family coping'.

Validity Field Testing of Family Nursing Phenomen in Korea by the Retrospective Method of ICNP: Soon Nyung Yun, Hyun Sook Kim, Yong Suk Kwon, Kyung Min Park, Ji Hyun Lee, Young Ae Ko, Ae Young So, Soon Ok Yang, Young Im Kim, Hee Girl Kim, Jin Joo Oh, Myoung Ja Wang, Soon Lae Kim, Kyung Sook Kang, Ji Yun Lee; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2002;13(3):423-432. Published online September 30, 2002

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Abstract PDF: This study was conducted to test the validity of characteristics of family nursing phenomena in Korea identified in a previous study by Yoon, S. Y, et al.(1999). Data for this study were collected from 355 (first measurement 186, second measurement 169) nurses whose family nursing careers were more than one year using a cross sectional survey method. The distribution per one characteristic ranged between 0 to 5. The phenomena that had two or more characteristics and had a score of 3.0 points or more included 'disturbance in marital role', 'disturbance in family communication', 'inappropriate family coping', 'lack of family intimacy', 'unhealthy life style', 'deficit of financial management skill and support', 'inadequate care management sick member', and 'inadequate home-making'. The essential characteristics of the 8 phenomena presented above included 27 items. Further studies on family nursing phenomena in Korea are needed to support the evidence through surveys of families in the field. A reconfirmation study, as well as qualitative research on the low validity of the characteristics, needs to be more performed in the future.

The Influences of Visual and Hearing Impairment on Activities of Daily Living for the Community Dwelling Elderly: Eun Ok Park, Kyung Ja June, Eun Young Kim, Hee Girl Kim, Ae Young So, Ggo Me Yi; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2001;12(2):417-427. Published online September 30, 2001

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE
The aim of this study is to identify the influence of visual and hearing impairment on the activities of daily living of community dwelling elderly.
METHODS
Data were collected by home visiting interviewers from 452 older people aged 65 years or older living in community. Resident Assessment Instrument MDS-HC(2.0version) was used for data collection. Data analysis for descriptive statistics, Chi-square test and multiple regression was made by SAS 6.2.
RESULTS
34.7% of the subject had hearing impairment and 64.3% had visual impairment Among IADL, one half of them were dependent in ordinary house work and meal preparation. In the case of ADL, 13.9% of subjects were dependent in bathing and 8.9% in personal hygiene. There was significant difference in IADL performance by visual and hearing impairment On the other hand, ADL performance showed the significant difference only in the case of hearing impairment. As the result of input of visual and hearing impairment in the process of regression, variances were increased from 3% to 11%.
CONCLUSIONS
Large proportions of older people living in the community have visual and hearing impairment. It could be confirmed that hearing and vision were significant factors influencing on IADL performance of older people. Intervention and support policy for elderly needs to focus on improvement of visual and hearing impairment.

Literature Review on Community Health Assessment based on the Concept of "Community as Client": Kyung Ja June, Young Sook Kwon, Jin Ju Oh, Eun Ok Park, Eun Young Kim, Hee Girl Kim; J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2000;11(1):3-20. Published online June 30, 2000

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Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study was to compare the concept of community and community health, community health assessment tool, and community health nursing diagnosis based on the concept of "Community as Client". The method for this purpose was to search the articles and textbooks related to community assessment and review the contents by the researchers who were 5 community health nursing faculties and 1 doctoral candidate. The sources of articles were limited in Public Health Nursing and the Journal of Community Health Nursing. As the result, three types of conceptual model were classified: epideiological model. fuctional model. system model. System model by Newman and Helvie included more comprehensive concept of community health than others. Helvie model suggested the most specific indicators among them. The components of nursing diagnosis in the system model had the subjectives. problems and the related factors. It makes the nursing care plan related to the nursing diagnosis. But there was no nursing diagnosis system among the three model. It is needed to compare the nursing intervention based on the concept of "Community as Client". It will be helpful to the community health nursing practice to develop the nursing diagnosis system based on the system model. For the community health nursing education, it is suggested to try the case study by the using three types of model. Finally, it is needed to validate the community assessment tool in Korean setting.

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